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Gefilte Fish

Gefilte fish is a popular Seder meal starter in Ashkenazi households. You can try your hand at making the minced fish patties from scratch with this step-by-step tutorial. Or, skip the fuss, and doctor jarred gefilte fish with this recipe for a baked gefilte fish loaf.

INGREDIENTS

    For the Broth:

    • Assorted fish heads, bones, skin, optional but recommended

    • 3 medium carrots, coarsely chopped

    • 2 medium onions, quartered, (leave skin on one onion if you like a darker hued gefilte fish)

    • 1 bay leaf

    • 2 teaspoons granulated sugar

    • 2 teaspoons kosher salt, preferably Diamond Crystal

    • 1 teaspoon whole black peppercorns

    • 8 cups water

    For the Fish:

    • 1 small onion, coarsely chopped

    • 1 pound fresh whitefish fillets, cut into chunks

    • 1 large egg

    • 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt, preferably Diamond Crystal

    • 1/4 teaspoon ground white pepper

    • 2 tablespoons neutral oil, such as canola or avocado oil

    • 2 teaspoons granulated sugar, more to taste

    • 1/4 cup matzo meal or bread crumbs (substitute gluten-free as needed)

INSTRUCTIONS

  1. Gather the ingredients.
  2. Make the broth: Place the fish heads, bones, and skin, if using3 medium carrots, coarsely chopped2 medium onions, quartered1 medium bay leaf, 2 teaspoons granulated sugar, 2 teaspoons Diamond Crystal kosher salt, 1 teaspoon whole black peppercorns, and 8 cups water in a stock pot fitted with a lid and bring to a boil.
  3. Cover and reduce to simmer on medium-low for about 1 hour. Note that if using fish skins, heads, etc. your house will most definitely have a fishy odor. Open windows and run fans as needed. 
  4. Strain out and discard the solids and return the broth to the pot.
  5. While the broth cooks, make the fish patties: Grate 1 small onion on the small holes of a box grater and add to a food processor with any juices. 
  6. To the food processor add 1 pound fresh whitefish filets, cut into chunks1 large egg1 1/2 teaspoons Diamond Crystal kosher salt1/4 teaspoon ground white pepper2 tablespoons neutral oil2 teaspoons granulated sugar, more to taste, and 1/4 cup matzo meal or bread crumbs and process, stopping to scrape down the bowl as needed until a soft paste forms.
  7. With wet hands, form the mixture into 12 equal sized football-shaped patties (each should be between a walnut and a golf ball in size).
  8. Lower the patties gently into the simmering broth with a slotted spoon.
  9. Cover the pot and simmer gently until the fish has expanded and is cooked through, about 30 minutes.
  10. Remove patties from the broth with a slotted spoon, let cool to room temperature, then transfer to the refrigerator to chill before serving, about 2 hours total. If you used fish heads and bones for the broth, let patties come to room temperature in the broth so the broth gels with the fish, then chill.
  11. Serve gefilte fish chilled or at room temperature before the start of the meal with a side of prepared horseradish. In many households, gefilte fish patties are served on a bed of lettuce for color and a bit of crunch.